问题标题：
【如何减少温室效应(英文)】
问题描述：
如何减少温室效应(英文)
沈雪松回答：
GreenhouseEffect
Aworldwidegreenhouseeffectmightproduceadangerouslywarmerworld.
Sincethelate19thcentury,theaverageglobaltemperaturehasincreasedbetween
0.54°Fand1.08°F(0.3°Cand0.6°C).Internationally,1990wasthehottest
yearonrecordsinceofficialweatherrecordsfirststartedbeingkeptbytheBritish
inabout1860.
Estimates(估计)ofglobalaveragetemperatureshaveprojected(突出)an
increaseofasmuchas9°F(5°C)beforetheyear2100.Suchariseinglobaltemperaturewouldproducenewpatterns(模式)andextremesofdrought(干旱)andrainfall,whichwouldseriouslydisrupt(破坏)foodproduction.Thiscouldpotentially(潜在地)cripple(削弱)theNorthAmericancornbelt(北美生产玉米的地带）,whichproducesmuchoftheworld'sgrain,leadingtomuchhigherfoodprices,andevenlessfoodfortheThirdWorldthantheyalreadyhave.However,itwouldalsomeanthatsomecountrieswhicharefurthernorthwouldbeabletogrowcropstheyhadneverbeenabletobefore,althoughthereislesslandasyoumovenorthfromthecornbelt.
Theotherseriousworryisthatrisingsealevelsfromthemeltingofthepolar(极地的)icecapscouldseverelyfloodmanycountries.Ariseinsealevelsofonemetre,whichmanyexpertsarepredicting(预言)bytheyear2100(andsomeassoonas2030),wouldflood15percentofEgypt,and12percentofBangladesh(孟加拉国).TheMaldives(马尔代夫)intheIndianOceanwouldalmostcompletelydisappear.Mostofthecountrieswhichwouldsuffermostfromariseinsealevelsarethepoorislandstates,sotheislandsintheCaribbean(加勒比海),SouthPacific,MediterraneanandIndianOceanhaveformedtheAlliance(联盟)ofSmallIslandStates,AOSIS,sotheyhavealoudervoiceininternatioanlpoliticsandcanmakethericherdevelopedworldlistentotheirproblems.Closertohome,BritainwouldlosemostofEastAnglia(英格兰的拉丁名称),andtoprotectthecoastlinewouldcostanestimated5to10billionpounds.
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