问题标题:
【提供一些单词的过去式和过去分词说清楚点】
问题描述:
提供一些单词的过去式和过去分词
说清楚点
任一男回答:
动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则
动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种.
1)规则变化
情况例词读音与说明
动词原形过去式过去分词
一般在动词原形后加-edlook
call
open
needlooked
called
opened
neededlooked[lukt]
called[kC:ld]
opened[5EupEnd]
needed[ni:did]①-ed在清辅音音素后
发音为〔t〕,在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕,在元音后发音也为[d]
②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕
后发音为[id]
③但fix的过去式和过去
分词x不双写,为fixed.
以-e结尾的动词加-dmove
phone
hope
agreemoved
phoned
hoped
agreedmoved[mu:vd]
phoned[fEund]
hoped[hEupt]
agreed[E5^ri:d]
以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,变y为i,
再加-edstudy
carry
trystudied
studied
carriedstudied[5stQdid]
carried[5kArid]
tried[traid]
以原音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-edplay
enjoy
stayplayed
enjoyed
stayedplayed[pleid]
enjoyed[in5dVCid]
stayed[steid]
末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词,双写该辅音字母,再加-edstop
plan
fitstopped
planned
fittedstopped[stCpt]
planned[plAnd]
fitted[5fitid]
以-r音节结尾的词,双写r字母,
再加-edprefer
referpreferred
referredpreferred[prI`f:d]
referred[ri5fE:]
2)不规则变化
英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况.
1.动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形.
例:
原形过去式过去分词
cut(切)
hit(打)
cast(扔)
hurt(伤害)
put(放)
let(让)
shut(关)
cost(花费)
set(放)
rid(清除)cut
hit
cast
hurt
put
let
shut
cost
set
ridcut
hit
cast
hurt
put
let
shut
cost
set
rid
2.过去式与过去分词完全同形.
例:
原形过去式过去分词
find(找到)
pay(支付)
leave(离开)
lend(借出)
meet(遇见)
keep(保持)
lose(丢失)
teach(教)
sit(坐)
lead(引导)
win(赢)除)found
paid
left
lent
met
kept
lost
taught
sat
led
wonfound
paid
left
lent
met
kept
lost
taught
sat
led
won
3.动词原形与过去分词同形
例:
原形过去式过去分词
come(来)
run(跑)
become(成为)came
ran
becamecome
run
become
4.动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同.
例:
原形过去式过去分词
give(给)
fly(飞)
drink(喝)
see(看见)
go(去)
know(知道)
wear(穿)
speak(说)gave
flew
drank
saw
went
knew
wore
spokegiven
flown
drunk
seen
gone
known
worn
spoken
5.过去式和过去分词有两种形式
例:
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