Individualsshouldpayfortheirhighereducation.Auniversityeducationisofhugeanddirectbenefittotheindividual.

Graduatesearnmorethannon-graduates.Meanwhilesocialmobilityisevermoredependentonhavingadegree.Howeveronlysomepeoplehaveit.Sotheindividualnotthetaxpayersshouldpayforit.Therearepressingcallsontheresourcesofthegovernment.Usingtaxpayers’moneytohelpasmallnumberofpeopletoearnhighincomesinthefutureisnotoneofthem.

Fullgovernmentfundingisnotverygoodforuniversities.AdamSmithworkedinaScottishuniversitywhoseteacherslivedoffstudentfees.Heknewandlookeddownupon18thcenturyOxfordwheretheacademicslivedcomfortablyofftheincomereceivedfromthegovernment.GuaranteedsalariesSmitharguedweretheenemyofhardwork;andwhentheacademicswerelazyandincompetentthestduentsweresimilarlylazy.

Ifstudentshavetopayfortheireducationtheynotonlyworkharderbutalsodemandmorefromtheirteachers.Andtheirteachershavetokeepthemsatisfied.Ifthatmeanstakingteachingseriouslyandgivinglesstimetotheirownresearchintereststhatissurelysomethingtocelebrate.

Manypeoplebelievethathighereducationshouldbefreebecauseitisgoodfortheeconomy.Manygraduatesclearlydocontributetonationalwealthbutsodoallthebusinessesthatinvestandcreatejobs.Ifyoubelievethatthegovernmentshouldpayforhighereducationbecausegraduatesareeconomicallyproductiveyoushouldalsobelievethatthegovernmentshouldpaypartofbusinesscosts.Anyonepromisingtocreatejobsshouldreceiveagiftofcapitalfromthegovernmenttoinvest.

Thereforeitistheindividualnotthegovernmentwhoshouldpayfortheiruniversityeducation.

Theunderlinedword“them”inParagraph2refersto .

A.taxpayers B.pressingcalls C.collegegraduates D.governmentresources

Theauthorthinksthatwithfullgovernmentfunding .

A.teachersarelesssatified B.studentsaremoredemanding

C.studentswillbecomemorecompetent D.teacherswillspendlesstimeonteaching

Theauthormentionsbusines