Attheageof12,SwedishAlfredNobelspokefivelanguagesfluently.Nobelbecamean(1)___(invent)andbusinessman,andatthetimeofhisdeathonDecember10,1896,hehad355patentsworldwide(2)___ofthemwasthepatentondynamite(炸药).Furthermore,hehadstarted87companiesallovertheworld.Accordingto(3)___will,AlfredNobel'senormousfortunewastobeused(4)___(establish)prizestoawardthose(5)___haddonetheirbesttobenefitmankindinthefieldsofphysics,chemistry,medicine,literatureandpeace.ThefirstNobelPrizeswereawardedin1901,fiveyears(6)___Nobeldied.In1969,anotherprizewasadded"TheSverigesRiksbankPrizeinEconomicSciencesinMemoryofAlfredNobel".
TheNobelLaureates(获得者)(7)___(announce)atthebeginningofOctobereachyear.Acoupleofmonthslater,onDecember10,(8)___anniversaryofAlfredNobel'sdeath,theyreceivetheirprizesfromtheSwedishKing--aNobeldiploma,amedal,and10millionSwedishcrownsperprize.AllNobelPrizesareawardedinStockholm,Sweden,(9)___fortheNobelPeacePrize,whichisawardedinOslo,Norway.WhenAlfredNobelwasalive,NorwayandSwedenwereunitedunderonemonarch(君主),(10)___1905whenNorwaybecameanindependentkingdomwithitsownking.