英语翻译
Subtractivecolorsystems,suchastheinksusedincommercialprintingprocessesandthedyesinphotographicprintsandtransparencies,producetheirrangeofcolorsbyabsorption,subtractingwavelengthsoflightratherthanaddingthemtogether.Thesubtractiveprimaries(cyan,magentaandyellow)aretheopposites,orcomplementaries,oftheadditiveprimariesoflight.Eachofthesubtractiveprimariesabsorbsoneoftheadditiveprimaries(thuscyanabsorbsred,magentaabsorbsgreen,andyellowabsorbsblue),givingthewidestgamutpossiblewithjustthreecolors.Justascombiningdifferentproportionsoftheadditiveprimaries(red,green,andblue)allowsmillionsofdifferentcolorstobeproduced,theoverprintingofdifferentamountsofcyan,magenta,andyellowalsocreatesalargegamutofdifferentcolors.
Fortheprocesscolorillusiontowork,theinksmustbetransparent,sothatwherevertheyoverprintthecolorseenismadeupofallthecolorspresent.Specialcolors,suchasPANTONEcolors,arenormallyopaquebecausetheyarenotintendedtooverprintwithothercolors.(Inksaredescribedaseitheropaqueortransparent,althoughinpracticetheyareneverfullyopaqueorfullytransparent.)
Theprocesscolorsusedinprintingareformulatedtohavelevelsofabsorbanceclosetothespectralresponseofthethreetypesofconesintheretinaoftheeye.Overlapsintheconeresponsesandslightdeficienciesinthepigmentsavailabletoformulatetheinksmakethesituationalittlemorecomplex,andcorrectionshavetobemadeifthecolorbalanceofanoriginalistobereproducedaccurately.
Amidtoneneutralgrayismadeupofapproximately50%cyan,40%magenta,and40%yellow,althoughthisvariesslightlywithdifferentscannersandseparationsoftware.Equalvaluesofthethreecolors,suchas50%cyan,50%magenta,and50%yellow,wouldcreateadecidedlyreddishcolorcast.Neutralgrayissomewhatmorsubjective:outsideofEuropeandNorthAmerica,peoplesometimespreferadifferentcolorbalance,andnominatedifferentproportionsofcyan,yellow,andmagentatocreateaneutralgray.