问题标题：
【popularculture和culturalindustries的关系?popularculture解释为通俗文化还是大众文化?它和culturalindustries的关系是怎样的?Whatismeantbypopularcultureandhowisthisrelatedtotheideaoftheculturalindustries?Illus】
问题描述：
popularculture和culturalindustries的关系?
popularculture解释为通俗文化还是大众文化?它和culturalindustries的关系是怎样的?
Whatismeantbypopularcultureandhowisthisrelatedtotheideaoftheculturalindustries?Illustrateyouranswerwithexamplesfrompopularculture.Thanksalot~
汤玉东回答：
Popularculture(orpopculture)isthewidespreadculturalelementsinanygivensocietythatareperpetuatedthroughthatsociety'svernacularlanguageorlinguafranca.Itcomprisesthedailyinteractions,needsanddesiresandcultural'moments'thatmakeuptheeverydaylivesofthemainstream.Itcanincludeanynumberofpractices,includingthosepertainingtocooking,clothing,consumption,massmediaandthemanyfacetsofentertainmentsuchassportsandliterature.(Comparememe.)Popularcultureoftencontrastswithamoreexclusive,evenelitist"highculture,"[1],thatis,thecultureofrulingsocialgroups.[2]
Popculturefindsitsexpressioninthemasscirculationofitemsfromareassuchasfashion,music,sportandfilm.Theworldofpopculturehashadaparticularinfluenceonartfromtheearly1960son,throughPopArt.Whenmodernpopculturebeganduringtheearly1950s,itmadeitharderforadultstoparticipate[3].Today,mostadults,theirkidsandgrandchildren"participate"inpopculturedirectlyorindirectly.
Themeaningofpopularandthemeaningofcultureareessentiallycontestedconceptsandtherearemultiplecompetingdefinitionsofpopularculture.JohnStorey,in"CulturalTheoryandPopularCulture",discussessixdefinitions.Thequantitativedefinition,ofculturehastheproblemthatmuch"high"culture(e.g.televisiondramatisationsofJaneAusten)iswidelyfavoured."Popculture"canalsobedefinedastheculturethatis"leftover"whenwehavedecidedwhat"highculture"is.However,manyworksstraddleorcrosstheboundariese.g.WilliamShakespeare,CharlesDickens,Puccini-Verdi-Pavarotti-NessunDorma.Storeydrawsourattentiontotheforcesandrelationswhichsustainthisdifferencesuchastheeducationalsystem.
AthirddefinitionequatespopculturewithMassCulture.Thisisseenasacommercialculture,massproducedformassconsumption.FromaU.K.(andEuropean)pointofview,thismaybeequatedtoAmericanculture.Alternatively,"popculture"canbedefinedasan"authentic"cultureofthepeople,butthiscanbeproblematicbecausetherearemanywaysofdefiningthe"people."Storeyarguesthatthereisapoliticaldimensiontopopularculture;neo-Gramscianhegemonytheory"...seespopularcultureasasiteofstrugglebetweenthe'resistance'ofsubordinategroupsinsocietyandtheforcesof'incorporation'operatingintheinterestsofdominantgroupsinsociety."Apostmodernismapproachtopopularculturewould"nolongerrecognisethedistinctionbetweenhighandpopularculture'
Storeyemphasisesthatpopularcultureemergesfromtheurbanisationoftheindustrialrevolution,whichidentifiesthetermwiththeusualdefinitionsof'massculture'.StudiesofShakespeare(byWeimann,BarberorBristol,forexample)locatemuchofthecharacteristicvitalityofhisdramainitsparticipationinRenaissancepopularculture,whilecontemporarypractitionerslikeDarioFoandJohnMcGrathusepopularcultureinitsGramsciansensethatincludesancientfolktraditions(thecommediadell'arteforexample).
Popularculturechangesconstantlyandoccursuniquelyinplaceandtime.Itformscurrentsandeddies,andrepresentsacomplexofmutually-interdependentperspectivesandvaluesthatinfluencesocietyanditsinstitutionsinvariousways.Forexample,certaincurrentsofpopculturemayoriginatefrom,(ordivergeinto)as
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