Brazilhasbecomeoneofthedevelopingworld'sgreatsuccessesinreducingpopulation

 growthbutmorebyaccidentthandesign.WhilecountriessuchasIndiahavemadejointefforts

 toreducebirthratesBrazilhashadbetterresultwithoutreallytryingsaysGeorgeMartineat

 Harvard.

     Brazil'spopulationgrowthratehasdroppedfrom2.99%ayearbetween1951and1960to

 1.93%ayearbetween1981and1990andBrazilianwomennowhaveonly2.7childrenon

 average.Martinesaysthisfiguremayhavefallenstillfurthersince1990anachievementthat

makesittheenvyofmanyotherThirdWorldcountries.

    AccordingtoMartinebothsoapoperasandinstalment(分期付款)plansplayedanimportantroleinloweringthebirthrate.Brazilisoneoftheworld'sbiggestproducersofsoapoperas.GlobalBrazil'smostpopulartelevisionnetworkshowsthreehoursofsoapssixnightsaweekwhilethreeothersshowatleastonehouranight.Mostsoapsarebasedonwealthy

characterslivingthehighlifeinbigcities.

     "Theydescribedthatmiddleandupperclassvaluesnotmanychildrenandwomen

working.TheyinfluencedallpartsofBrazil."saysMartine

Meanwhile，theinstalmentplanstiredtoencouragehepoortobecomeconsume（消费者）.

“Thisled toa greatchange in consumption patterns and consumption wentagainst unlimitedreproduction(生育)."saysMartine.

53. Brazilhascutits population，growth____.

 A.byeducation   B. byfamilyplan  C.byTVprogram  D.bychance

54. SomeThirdWorldcountries

  A.havepaidlittleattentiontobirthcontrol

  B.wouldsoonjoinBrazilincontrollingtheirbirthrate.

  C.haven'tsucceededincontrollingthepopulation

  D.didn'trealizetheroleofTVplays in family planning

55. SoapoperashavehelpedtolowerBrazil'sbirth rate because____.

   A.theykeeppeoplesittinglonghourwatchingTV

   B.theyhavegraduallychangedpeople'swayoflife

   C.peopleareinterestedinthestories

   D.theymakebirthcontrol